An energy recovery system (ERS) captures kinetic or heat energy which would otherwise be wasted, so that it can be reused to drive the car or to power ancillaries.
In the 2014 F1 technical regulations, the ERS is split into two parts - a kinetic motor generator unit (MGUK) which captures kinetic energy from the transmission, and a heat motor generator unit (MGUH) which captures heat energy from the turbocharger turbine.